Program management an advanced form of project management

PMP exam does have few topics on Program. Program is a group of related projects that are executed in a co-ordinated fashion. Co-ordination among the projects provides the following benefits : 1) Reduced Risk 2) Economies of scale 3) Improved management Program management is an advanced form of project management and hence PMI (Project Management Institute) has a separate certification called PgMP (Program Management Professional) that discusses details on program management. Program management includes co-ordination and management activities of Program Manager. In some companies Program manager is called group manager. All projects can't be included as a part of program. It is necessary to analyze the benefits of the project if executed as a part of a program rather than a separate project.  A project can be a part of the program if it is beneficial.