How to install oracle securebackup step by step?

Oracle Secure backup, the backup solution from oracle corporation can be downloaded and installed for free. Choose the binary relevant to your operating system. Oracle Secure Backup Installation Steps are detailed below: 1) Download the oracle secure backup binary from the oracle download page 2) Extract the binary. In case of linux create a folder using command #mkdir osb #cd osb #./setup In case of windows double click on Setup and the wizard opens as follows 3) Click on Next. This machine doesn't have previous versions of oracle secure backup installed in it. This will be a fresh clean install of oracle secure backup. 4) This is followed by entering customer information. Default name will be the hostname. We can tweak the values. Also, permissions on who is given access can be chosen using the radio box. 5) Next is the step on oracle secure backup setup. This gives us path of oracle secure backup installation 6) This screen asks for confirmation before installing Oracle Secure Backup 7) Next is the oracle setup that proceeds with the installation process 8)We get confirmation on successful oracle secure backup installation 9) Successful installation is followed by automatic launch of oracle secure backup configuration wizard where many different details including service startup type like manual, automatic,disabled can be chosen. 10) We'll have configuration finalized when we choose the oracle secure backup service logon configured

Normalization and normal form an overview

Normalization And Normal Forms is an important concept that forms the basis of RDBMS(Relational database Management System).Normalization is simplification of tables into a progressively simpler formto get rid of undesirable attributes.The undesirable attributes can be data anomalies and duplicate data. First Normal Form - A table is said to be in 1NF if it doesn't contain any repeating groups.To summarize 1) No duplicate rows in the table 2) Each cell is single valued(cell is the intersection of a row and column) 3) Entries in a column are of same kind Second Normal Form - A table is said to be in 2NF if it is already in 1NF and non-key attribute is fully functionally dependent on the primary key. Third Normal Form - A table is said to be in 3NF if it is already in 2NF and every non-key attribute is fully and directly dependent on the primary key.i.e eliminate the columns that arent dependent on the key. Boy-codd Normal Form (BCNF) - It is based on candidate keys.A relation is said to be in BCNF is every determinant is a primary key. Fourth Normal Form - This takes care of multi-valued dependency.It is in 4NF if it is in BCNF and contains no nontrivial multivalued dependencies. Fifth Normal Form - 5NF has no join dependency Transactions in RDBMS possess four important properties. They are popularly referred to as ACID A - Atomicity C - Consistency I - Isolation D - Durability

Installing The Grid Control Oracle Enterprise Manager OEM

We need to install the Grid control by downloading the software from Oracle's web site or by using the appropriate CD. Installing Grid Control consists of two steps: 1) Installing the OEM Grid Control software on the host from which we intend to use the Grid Control console. 2) Installing the Management Agent on each of the hosts we want to monitor. Installing the Grid Control Component : Installing Grid Control is similar to the installing of Oracle Server software. We must make sure we have the DISPLAY variable set up properly if we're using a UNIX/Linux system Steps in the Installation Process: 1) Log in to the host as the Oracle software owner and mount the Oracle database 10g CD. Change directory to the CD, and execute the runInstaller script. $ ./runInstaller 2) At the Welcome window, click Next 3) Accept the default operating system(OS) group name. Click Next 4) A seperate window asking us to run the root.sh UNIX script will appear. Leave this window open, and open a new terminal window 5) Execute orainstRoot.sh as the root user in the terminal window, as shown here: $ cd $ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory $ su $ ./orainstRoot.sh $ exit 6) Once we run the orainstRoot.sh script, we have to go back to the Oracle Universal Installer window and click Continue 7) In the specify File Locations window, choose the directory for the OEM files and click Next 8) In the select a product to install window we can install the OEM Grid Control in an existing Oracle database or we can create a new database. We can also choose to install a Management Service or Management Agent from this window. Click Next. When we choose to install the grid Control using a new database, Oracle will create a ew Oracle Database 10g database on our server. If we wnt to install using an existing Oracle database, our database must be version 9.2 or higher. 9) The Oracle Universal Installer will make the necessary prerequisite checks, after which we click Next 10) Choose a password for the default SYSMAN user and click Next 11) Select passwords for the SYS,SYSTEM and DBSNMP users in the new database and click Next 12) In the next window, we have the option of setting up the MetaLink and Proxy information. These are optional and have no bearing on the functioning of Grid Control. Once we makeur choice, click Next 13) In the Database Identification window that appears next, choose the SID and the Global Database Name for the database. Click Next 14) In the Database File location window, specify the location for all the database files and click Next 15) Review the list of components that are going to be installed in the Summary screen that appears , and click Install 16) We'll now see a series of windows indicating the progress of the installation. We'll be asked to run the root.sh script again as the root user. Log in as root user in a separate window and run the root.sh script again as a root user. Log in as a root user in a separate window and run the root.sh script. Then go back to the installation window and click OK 17) The Configuration Assistant window will show the status of the various configuration assistants, such as the Oracle Database Configuration Assistant. There can be n(n=1...any) configuration assistants in a system. After the new oracle database is created, we'll see the following message: The Oracle Agent will now be installed on the same machine as the database that was just created. This database will then be available through Grid Control to manage its environment. Click OK. 18) When the Setup privileges window appears, open a new terminal window and run the orainstRoot.sh script yet again. Once the script completes, go back to the installer window and click Next. The Configuration assistants window will appear again and the Agent Configuration Assistant will install the Oracle Agent. 19) We'll see an end of installation message from the Installer, along with the list a port numbers we can use to access the Grid control, the Oracle Application server that's installed as a part of the Grid Control installation, and the Oracle database that was created to host the Grid Control 20) Click Exit to end the installation Installing and Deploying the OEM Management Agent : Use the following steps to install the OEM Management Agent on each server we want to monitor: 1-7 ) Start the Oracle Universal Installer and perform the first seven steps as in the preceding section. 8) In the select a Product window, choose the Additional Management Agent installation type and click Next 9) Specify the name of our host server in the next page and click Next 10) click Next, after reading the security warning (regarding secure HTTP mode) and then click OK 11) Review the summary window and click Next to start the actual agent installation process 12) Once our installation completes, click Yes to exit the Oracle Universal Installer 13) Verify that our databases and hosts can be seen by the newly installed Management Agent. we can do this by logging in to the Grid Control and clicking the Target tab. We'll see all the discovered hosts. Click on any host and then click on databases. We should now be able to view all our Oracle databases that are running on that host. Once we successfully install the agents on our servers , we can use the information they collect to monitor all our oracle databases, hosts, web servers and listeners. Grid Control Manage Enterprise OEM GRid Control Enterprise Management The Grid Control homepage provides an overall view of the entire enterprise. Use this as our starting point when we 're evaluating the health of our database, since it provides information about the entire Oracle environment, not just the database. The home page shows us the following things : Status : Provides the status of the monitored Oracle targets, including the availability and open alerts for each target. Targets include hosts, databases, web servers and listeners. Critical Patch Advisories : Displays a visual summary of any patch advisories and the affected Oracle homes. Deployment Summary : Provides a summary of our entire system configuration, including hardware and software. Resource Center : Provides links to the Oracle Documentation, release notes, support and the Oracle Technology Network(OTN).The Grid Control homepage contains the tabs that offer links to the following entities: Targets : Targets include the host servers, databases, application servers, web applications, and groups Deployments : The Deployments home page has sections for critical patch advisories, deployments, configuration, patching, cloning, and policies( managing policy violation) Alerts : This page will tell us if any of our targets are down Jobs : The Job activity page contains information on all scheduled, running, and finished jobs in our database. Management system : This page contains information about the Management service and the Management Repository. It provides details about the general health of OEM, availability, backlogs, and alerts about the OEM itself and all the targets. At the top (and the bottom) of the grid control home page we'll find additional links to the following pages: Setup: This setup page is similar to the setup page in the Database Control. Preferences : The preferences page is where we can change preferred credentials, including the password of the SYSMAN account. Help : This page provides details about each of the pages in the Grid Control. Logout : This link will log out you of the Grid control. Monitoring Our Entire system With The Grid Control : We can use the Grid control to monitor not only the Oracle databases, but also web applications, host performance, application servers, and database groups. The Grid control has all the features of the Database Control, as regards the management of databases;in addition, we can manage all other parts of our system. Monitoring Web Applications: In order to view our web applications through the Grid control, select Web Applications from the View drop-down list on the home page. We can perform the following tasks from the Web applications home page: 1) Review web application alerts: We can use the Grid Control to view alerts regarding our web applications. Whenever an application fails to perform according to a preset performance policy threshold, Grid Control will alert us. We specify the alerts when we create our web applications. In order for the Grid Control to monitor the application , we must add the target to OEM. 2) Monitor transaction performance : The Grid control will monitor our web application to see if they are conforming to availability and service-level requirements. We can monitor and track key transaction performance indicators like average page response, slowest page and the response time(in milliseconds). We can go to transaction Playback page and view the summary and breakdown of the time spent on each web page in our application. 3) Analyze Page Performance : Using Grid Control we can track the web server response time and correlate this information with the response times of URLs from various users. We can also perform end-user performance review of the slow URLs. Monitoring Host Performance: We can monitor host performance an track configuration changes through the grid control. We can reach the Host home page by clicking on the Targets tab and then selecting the host we want to investigate. The Host home page summarizes the availability and status of the host. From the host home page, we can navigate to the performance and configuration areas: Performance : We can use the Grid Control to view host performance, including CPU usage, memory, disk I/O, etc. We can view current CPU load and swap utilization on our system without using operating system tools like sar and top. Configuration : We can view the hardware and software configuration on the host. If we wish, we can perform side-by-side comparison of any two hosts on our system. This enables us to identify the differences between a development and production server. We will see the differences in operating system patches, packages, and Oracle software versions. Monitoring Web Applications : We can monitor the application servers in our environment by clicking the Targets tab and then clicking the Web application link. We'll see a list of all the Web Applications in our system here, and we can click on a specific application to examine its performance. In addition to monitoring our web applications, we can also monitor the web servers used by our applications, including the Oracle Application Server instances. Managing Groups : The Groups sub-tab under the Target tab lists all the groups defined in the Grid Control. The grid control's group capability lets us organize our databases and hosts into related groups. For example we can collect all our production databases into one group called as production databases. Groups let us run our job in all related targets with a single command. In addition, we can view all alerts and configuration policy violations in our production databases separately from the development and test databases. We can perform the following tasks from the Groups page : 1) Add, remove and configure groups 2) Access a group's home page 3) View alerts and policy violations for a group OEM Database express: Oracle enterprise manager is a database tool that helps with database administration. This is a GUI. This comes as part of Oracle database 12c toolset and can be installed as part of database install. Lets look at some interesting facts about Oracle enterprise manger database express in Oracle 12c 1) By checking the option to install this can be installed as using database configuration assistant 2) Default port taken by enterprise manager is 5500 3) This portal can be accessed via http://:5500/em 4) This tool helps us manage all the database activities. However we can’t perform tasks like STARTUP as this depends on a database in open mode 5) XMLDB is a mandate to make use of this tool. Port number can be changed using dbms_xdb_config.sethttpsport(); 6) This is not for cloud control management and that happens using enterprise manager cloud control

Oracle Clustered Tables

As an effort towards saving data block storage space clusters can be used to store two or more tables together where related columns of tables are stored together. 1) Create a cluster before creating constituent tables sql>create cluster clustername (common-column datatype) tablespace tablespace-name; In case of hash clusters issue the following command: sql>create cluster cluster-name(common-column datatype)tablespace tablespace-name hash is hashkeys value; 2) Create the constituent tables. Create the parent table first and dependent table next. sql> create table table-name(col datatype) cluster cluster_name; sql> create table tablename(col datatypE references parent-col)cluster clustername; To drop a cluster first drop the constituent tables and then drop the cluster. sql>drop table tablename; sql>drop cluster clustername; Note: If we try to drop a non-empty cluster we will get error. The view used to obtain information about cluster is dba_clusters.

Display Variable And Values Oracle MySQL

Variables are values that control the operation of oracle and mysql database. Here is the simple command to disply variables and its associated values In Oracle database, show parameter parametername; In MySQL environment, The above command will display all the variables that has auto as a part of its name mysql> show variables like 'auto%'; +--------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+-------+ | auto_increment_increment | 1 | | auto_increment_offset | 1 | | autocommit | ON | | automatic_sp_privileges | ON | +--------------------------+-------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec) Note that the above session variables in mysql are equivalent to init.ora parameters in Oracle

Database Administrator Roles Responsibilities

A DBA holds a lot of responsibilities a few of which have been listed below: (1) Creates and maintains all databases required for development, testing, education and production usage. (2) Performs the capacity planning required to create and maintain the databases. The DBA works closely with system administration staff because computers often have applications or tools on them in addition to the Oracle Databases. (3) Performs ongoing tuning of the database instances. (4) Install new versions of the Oracle RDBMS and its tools and any other toolsthat access the Oracle database. (5) Plans and implements backup and recovery of the Oracle database. (6) Controls migrations of programs, database changes, reference data changes and menu changes through the development life cycle. (7) Implements and enforces security for all of the Oracle Databases. (8) Performs database re-organisations as required to assist performance and ensure maximum uptime of the database. (9) Puts standards in place to ensure that all application design and code is produced with proper integrity, security and performance. The DBA will performreviews on the design and code frequently to ensure the site standards are being adhered to. (10) Evaluates releases of Oracle and its tools, and third party products to ensure that the site is running the products that are most appropriate. Planning is also performed by the DBA, along with the application developers and System administrators, to ensure that any new product usage or release upgrade takes place with minimal impact. (11) Provides technical support to application development teams. This is usually in the form of a help desk. The DBA is usually the point of contact for Oracle Corporation. (12) Enforces and maintains database contraints to ensure integrity of the database. (13) Administers all database objects, including tables, clusters, indexes, views, sequences, packages and procedures. (14) Assists with impact analysis of any changes made to the database objects. (15) Troubleshoots with problems regarding the databases, applications and development tools. (16) Create new database users as required. (17) Manage sharing of resources amongst applications. (18) The DBA has ultimate responsibility for the physical database design. There are many different types of DBA's: Production DBA – Works round the clock, expected to be available 24x7 Development DBA/Logical DBA – Needs some coding experience RAC DBA – New stream. Specifically geared towards RAC installation, configurtion and maintenance

Sybase knowledge needed for database administrator

Sybase Architecture is a client server architecture.The server is a single process at the os(operating system) level and takes about 40-60K physical memory. The server is called as ASE(Adaptive Server Environment) that has undergone several revisions and has been on 15.x.x version now Following are the few sybase commands needed to perform various tasks in the sybase server. 1) Identify a sybase process id : > sp_who > go 2) Kill a sybase process id : > kill (process-id) > go 3) Obtain information on sybase disk information : > sp_dkinfo > go 4) Alter database segment : >alter database db-name on segment-name = value 5) Information about a database : > sp_helpdb database-name 6) Make a logdump on a continuous fashion : > dump tran database-name to "/path of directory" 7) Truncate the transaction log without making a backup copy : > dump tran database-name with truncate_only 8) To truncate the log that is filled to the capacity : > dump tran database-name with no_log What is a sybase directory service? 1) A directory service is the service that manages the creation, modification(updation/deletion), retrieval of network service information 2) Oracle provides the file listener.ora to access information about the servers across networks 3) In case of sybase the configuration file $SYBASE/$SYBASE_OCS/config/libtcl.cfg is used for server-client communication Sybase ASE Adaptive Server Enterprise Get SQL Text For A Transaction : Sybase Architecture is a client server architecture.The server is a single process at the os(operating system) level and takes about 40-60K physical memory.The server is called as ASE(Adaptive Server Environment) that has undergone several revisions and has been on 15.x.x version now. Sybase ASE(Adaptive Server Enterprise) Get SQL Text For A Transaction can be achieved by following the steps given below: 1) Issue the following command : > dbcc traceon (spid of the process) > go If dbcc prints error messages, user with system administrator(SA) role can be contacted 2) Find the SQL text using the following command : > dbcc sqltext (spid of the process) > go This command displays the SQL Text of the transaction.

Significance of ITIL for DBA

What is ITIL? ITIL stands for Infrastructure Information Library.It is a standard from U.K government that has undergone various revisions.Latest Version is ITILv3. What is ITILv3 focussed on? ITIL in general deals with the processes related to service management.This includes issues related to incidents mangement,problem management,configuration management,change management,release management. What is incident management? Any unexpected event that has an impact on the existing system is an incident.This includes database shutdown due to various failures like media error,server failure.Processes needs to be formulated and followed to handle incidents.Incidents are unknown and hence proactive measures needs to be taken to prevent them and reactive actions should be taken to adress them. What is problem management? Problem is an recurring issue.It is mandatory to analyse the root cause of an issue and come out with a permanent solution.Database,Server,Application logs can be used for this purpose.A good example is Load in database that needs to be tuned,deadlock issue etc. What is configuration Management? Any chnages made to the system configuration.This can be changes to server,database,application. What is change management? Whenever an incident occurs it is mandatory to raise a ticket and depending on the severity it could be given severity(priority) say SEV1 etc. What is release management? It is mandatory to document the patch level,software version level of infrastructure components including servers,databases.This document needs to be available to everyone for quick reference.So whenever a change happens it has to be documented. Why does a DBa need ITIL? Around 40% of billion dollar software companies have started adopting ITIL.This is a standard that integrates business with infrastructure.It has resulted in increased customer satisfaction. DBA's have data which is the sole property(heart) of an organization.So it is mandatory for them to follow the processes and document their activites for the system to be up and running on a 24X7 basis and address issues if one happens Automatic Diagnostic Repository ITIL compliance: From oracle database 11g onwards database is in compliance with the Infrastructure Information Library (ITIL) standard.ITIL emphasizes on service management and concentrates on core areas including incident management,problem management,change management,configuration management,release management. Oracle database 11g has a fault diagnosibility infrastructure inbuilt in it which is used to capture the incidents and store them in a file-based hierarchial repository outside the database.The repository is called as automatic diagnostic repository(ADR) and is used to trace network wide issues.Oracle documentation available  here says the goals achieved out of fault diagnostic infrastructure: First-failure diagnosis Problem prevention Limiting damage and interruptions after a problem is detected Reducing problem diagnostic time Reducing problem resolution time Simplifying customer interaction with Oracle Support When we map the goals entioned above to ITIL standard we find that,first-failure diagnosis - incident management problem prevention - problem management limiting damage and interruptions after a problem is detected - problem management reducing problem diagnostic time - problem management which demands pro-active approach reduce problem resolution time - problem management simplifying customer interaction with oracle support - Basic ITIL goal Service management that focusses on customers 

Linux Interview Question Answer

How to Checking A File System Manually In Sun Solaris (or) take more on lost+found directory usage? Checking A File System Manually In Sun Solaris(solaris 9, solaris 10) requires the following steps to be followed : 1) Become super user. Log in as root. 2) Unmount the local file system. say /home/names 3) Use the fsck command by specifying the mount point directory or the /dev/dsk/devicenames as an argument to the command. If no argument is provided, all teh file systems with fsck pass field greater than zero (0) in the /etc/vfstab file will be checked. 4) Messages about the inconsistencies will be displayed. 5) The fsck command may not be able to fix the errors in one run. See the fsck command again, if the following message appears - "FILE SYSTEM STATE NOT SET TO OKAY or FILE SYSTEM MODIFIED" 6) Mount the repaired file system 7) Move the files in the lost+found directories to where they belong to with their proper names . We'll rename them to their original names. 8) The files and directories that we can't identify should be eventually removed. This saves space. How to check the amount of RAM in system? Issue teh following Unix/Linux command to check the amount of RAM in the server. Issue the following command as root user. # grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 1034680kB Memtotal refers to the total RAM space in the machine. Minimum RAM : 1024MB Talk more on Linux slocate utility:- The slocate utility, is a secure version of locate.It searches for files on the local system. $slocate filename Before we can use slocate the updatedb utility must build/update the slocate database.Typically the database is updated once a day by a cron script. What is linux out of memory killer? Linux out of memory OOM killer is a feature enabled by default in Linux. This is Out of memory (OOM) killer.It is associated with memory management.It is used to protect system from hang by terminating processes which consume high memory resources. Memory allocation in Linux is the task of kernel. If the kernel is not able to find the memory space needed to allocate to the process, it puts in use user data pages on swap out queue.If it happens that virtual memory can not allocate sufficient space, out of memory killer (OOM killer) starts killing user space processes. # echo "0" > /proc/sys/vm/oom-kill (turns off oom killer) # echo "1" > /proc/sys/vm/oom-kill (turns on/enables oom killer Say something on Built-in Linux Commands:- Built-in Commands are the commands that are built into a shell.they do not fork a new process when we execute them.The built-ins vary depending on the type of the shell. A brief listing of various built-ins is given below: tcsh Built-ins : type - gives the type of the command given as argument.For eg type cat will give the output as cat is hashed(/bin/cat) read - Scripts can accept input from the user and store them in variables. exec - executes a command.It has two main purposes:to run a command without creating a new process and to redirect a file descriptor -including standard input,output or error -of a shell script from within the script. trap - catches a signal.A signal is a report to a process about a condition.Linux uses signals to report interrupts generated by users (eg : pressing a interrupy key),bad system calls,broken pipes,illegal instructions etc.Trap catches,one or more signals allowing us to direct the actions a script takes when it receives a specified signal. kill - Aborts a process.the kill sends a signal to a process or a job. getopts - Parses options.Parses command-line arguments,thereby making it easier to write programs that follow Linux argument conventions. bash(Bourne Again shell) Builtins : : - Returns 0 or true(null built-in) .(dot) - Executes a shell script as a part of the current process bg - Puts a suspended job in the background break - Exits from a looping control structure cd - Changes to another working directory continue - Starts with the next iteration of looping control structure echo - Displays its arguments eval - scans and evaluates the command-line exec - Executes a shell-script or a program in place of the current process exit - Exits from te current shell.Same as CONTROL-D from an interactive shell. export - Places the value of the variable in the calling environment. fg - brings a job from the background into the foreground getopts - Parses arguments to a shell script jobs - Displays list of background jobs kill - sends a signal to a process or job pwd - displays the name of the working directory.Print working directory. read - Reads a line from the standard input readonly - declares a variable to be readonly set - set shelflags or command-line argument variables,with no arguments,lists all variables. shift - promotes each command-liargument test - compares arguments times - displays total times for the current shell and its children trap - traps a signal type - displays how eachrgument would be interpreted as a command umask - returns the value of the file-creation mask unset - Removes a variable or a function wait - Waits for a bcakground process to terminate. How to Monitor system with glanceplus HP-UX command? In HP-UX (HP unix) we have a package to monitor the system. It is a system-monitoring tool.Glanceplus is a package commonly used by the system administrators and DBA's to monitor the memory, disk I/O and CPU performance. $glance -m Above command invokes glanceplus session in text mode. CPU,memory, disk and swap usage are summarized in the top section. The middle of the display gives a detailed memory report. The bottom of the report gives a short summary of memory usage. $glance -c - details on CPU usage $glance -d - disk usage details gpm is a graphical user interface. It is an attractive and highly useful GUI. Say something on Network Utilities in UNIX/LINUX:- Following are some important UNIX/LINUX utilities used for networking: 1) ftp - transfers files over a network 2) rcp - copies one or more files to or from a remote system 3) rlogin - logs in on a remote system 4) rsh - executes command on a remote system. This is popularly used by DBA's while creating scripts for single-instance database as well as RAC (Real Application Cluster) operational tasks automation such as cloning automation, backups etc 5) scp - securely copies one or more files to or from a remote system. This is an enhancement over rcp and is used to address/overcome the security threats associated with rcp 6) ssh - securely executes a command on the remote system. This is an enhancement over rsh and is used to address/overcome the security threats associated with rsh 7) telnet - connects to remote system over a network. Most popularly used method for connecting to a remote system. Are there UNIX/LINUX Utilities That are Programming Tools? Certain UNIX/LINUX Utilities can be used a programming tools : configure - configures source code automatically gcc - compiles c and c++ programs make - keeps a set of programs current. popularly referred to as build / make build. Most popular tool used in practice. Ubuntu Linux elinks Package Installation :- In ubuntu linux we can make use of the command ubuntu. For this command to function properly we need to install elikns packages including elinks,elinks-data,elinks-lite root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install elinks* Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Note, selecting prelink for regex 'elinks*' Note, selecting elinks-data for regex 'elinks*' Note, selecting elinks-doc for regex 'elinks*' Note, selecting elinks-lite for regex 'elinks*' Note, selecting elinks for regex 'elinks*' Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation: The following packages have unmet dependencies: elinks: Conflicts: elinks-lite but 0.12~pre5-2ubuntu1 is to be installed elinks-data: Conflicts: elinks-lite but 0.12~pre5-2ubuntu1 is to be installed elinks-lite: Conflicts: elinks but 0.12~pre5-2ubuntu1 is to be installed Ubuntu Linux Dig DNS Lookup Command :- It is possible to determine the DNS (Domain Name Service) information based on the IP address. We can get details on the DNS using IP through reverse lookup process. The ubuntu linux command can be used to get this detail. It can be used as follows. root@ubuntu:~# dig -x 192.168.25.234 ; <<>> DiG 9.7.0-P1 <<>> -x 192.168.25.234 ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER< ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;131.25.168.223.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ;; Query time: 32 msec ;; SERVER: ;; WHEN: Tue Sep 14 10:44:07 2010 ;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 45 Install NFS Package Ubuntu Linux :- Network File System popularly called NFS is a service in linux. We can start using NFS in ubuntu linux upon installing nfs-kernel-server package. We can make use of apt-get install command to install this package. root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install nfs-kernel-server Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: libgssglue1 libnfsidmap2 librpcsecgss3 nfs-common portmap The following NEW packages will be installed: libgssglue1 libnfsidmap2 librpcsecgss3 nfs-common nfs-kernel-server portmap 0 upgraded, 6 newly installed, 0 to remove and 41 not upgraded. Need to get 492kB of archives. After this operation, 1,524kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/main libgssglue1 0.1-4 [22.4kB] Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/main libnfsidmap2 0.23-2 [29.1kB] Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/main librpcsecgss3 0.19-2 [33.1kB] Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/main portmap 6.0.0-1ubuntu2 [37.2kB] Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/main nfs-common 1:1.2.0-4ubuntu4 [212kB] Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/main nfs-kernel-server 1:1.2.0-4ubuntu4 [158kB] Fetched 492kB in 1s (266kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously deselected package libgssglue1. (Reading database ... 125014 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking libgssglue1 (from .../libgssglue1_0.1-4_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package libnfsidmap2. Unpacking libnfsidmap2 (from .../libnfsidmap2_0.23-2_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package librpcsecgss3. Unpacking librpcsecgss3 (from .../librpcsecgss3_0.19-2_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package portmap. Unpacking portmap (from .../portmap_6.0.0-1ubuntu2_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package nfs-common. Unpacking nfs-common (from .../nfs-common_1%3a1.2.0-4ubuntu4_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package nfs-kernel-server. Unpacking nfs-kernel-server (from .../nfs-kernel-server_1%3a1.2.0-4ubuntu4_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Processing triggers for ureadahead ... Setting up libgssglue1 (0.1-4) ... Setting up libnfsidmap2 (0.23-2) ... Setting up librpcsecgss3 (0.19-2) ... Setting up portmap (6.0.0-1ubuntu2) ... portmap start/running, process 24755 Setting up nfs-common (1:1.2.0-4ubuntu4) ... Creating config file /etc/idmapd.conf with new version Creating config file /etc/default/nfs-common with new version Adding system user `statd' (UID 115) ... Adding new user `statd' (UID 115) with group `nogroup' ... Not creating home directory `/var/lib/nfs'. statd start/running, process 24978 gssd stop/pre-start, process 25003 idmapd stop/pre-start, process 25031 Setting up nfs-kernel-server (1:1.2.0-4ubuntu4) ... Creating config file /etc/exports with new version Creating config file /etc/default/nfs-kernel-server with new version * Exporting directories for NFS kernel daemon... [ OK ] * Starting NFS kernel daemon [ OK ] Processing triggers for libc-bin ... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place Linux Ubuntu IP Address Information :- In the ubuntu linux it is possible to get information on IP address using the ifconfig command. We can use ifconfig command with -a option to get more details root@ubuntu:~# ifconfig -a eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr inet addr: Bcast:192.168.25.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:21428 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:5781 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:14694291 (14.6 MB) TX bytes:382100 (382.1 KB) Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:162 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:162 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:12656 (12.6 KB) TX bytes:12656 (12.6 KB) Ubuntu Linux Apache ServiceOnce we install apache package in ubuntu linux using the apt-get utility, we can monitor th:- e status of apache service. This command verifies that apache has been successfully installed, up and running in the ubuntu linux. root@ubuntu:~# ps -ef|grep apache root 16907 1 0 11:07 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 16910 16907 0 11:07 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 16911 16907 0 11:07 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 16912 16907 0 11:07 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start root 17016 15480 0 11:09 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto apache Above command lists the processes and we can match the apache service using the "grep apache" keyword. We can also locate the location of apache binary as follows : root@ubuntu:~# which apache2 /usr/sbin/apache2 Apache runs as a service in Linux and we can make use of the command service to get details on apache process. root@ubuntu:~# service apache2 status Apache is running (pid 16907). Ubuntu Linux Install Apache :- Apache is the most popular web server.LAMP stack as it is popularly called refers to Linux,Apache,MySQL,PHP/Perl forms the basic technology stack upon which we build web applications. We can install apache package using the Linux utility apt-get with the option install. Here is the step used to install apache in ubuntu linux. root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install apache2 Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: apache2-mpm-worker apache2-utils apache2.2-bin apache2.2-common libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap Suggested packages: apache2-doc apache2-suexec apache2-suexec-custom The following NEW packages will be installed: apache2 apache2-mpm-worker apache2-utils apache2.2-bin apache2.2-common libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap 0 upgraded, 9 newly installed, 0 to remove and 41 not upgraded. Need to get 3,328kB of archives. After this operation, 10.1MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y ...................................................................................... 3.9+dfsg-3build1 [27.1kB] Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/main libaprutil1-ldap 1.3.9+dfsg-3build1 [25.1kB] Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/main apache2.2-bin 2.2.14-5ubuntu8 [2,622kB] 15% [5 apache2.2-bin 259kB/2,622kB 9%] ............................................................................................ Selecting previously deselected package apache2.2-bin. Unpacking apache2.2-bin (from .../apache2.2-bin_2.2.14-5ubuntu8_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package apache2-utils. Unpacking apache2-utils (from .../apache2-utils_2.2.14-5ubuntu8_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package apache2.2-common. Unpacking apache2.2-common (from .../apache2.2-common_2.2.14-5ubuntu8_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package apache2-mpm-worker. Unpacking apache2-mpm-worker (from .../apache2-mpm-worker_2.2.14-5ubuntu8_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package apache2. Unpacking apache2 (from .../apache2_2.2.14-5ubuntu8_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Processing triggers for ufw ... Processing triggers for ureadahead ... Setting up libapr1 (1.3.8-1build1) ... Setting up libaprutil1 (1.3.9+dfsg-3build1) ... Setting up libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 (1.3.9+dfsg-3build1) ... Setting up libaprutil1-ldap (1.3.9+dfsg-3build1) ... Setting up apache2.2-bin (2.2.14-5ubuntu8) ... Setting up apache2-utils (2.2.14-5ubuntu8) ... Setting up apache2.2-common (2.2.14-5ubuntu8) ... Enabling site default. Enabling module alias. Enabling module autoindex. Enabling module dir. Enabling module env. Enabling module mime. Enabling module negotiation. Enabling module setenvif. Enabling module status. Enabling module auth_basic. Enabling module deflate. Enabling module authz_default. Enabling module authz_user. Enabling module authz_groupfile. Enabling module authn_file. Enabling module authz_host. Enabling module reqtimeout. Setting up apache2-mpm-worker (2.2.14-5ubuntu8) ... * Starting web server apache2 apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.1.1 for ServerName [ OK ] Setting up apache2 (2.2.14-5ubuntu8) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin ... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place root@ubuntu:~# Yum Installtion Linux:- I installed vmplayer and created ubuntu 10.04LTS virtual machine. I logged into system as root and tried installing a package using yum. root@ubuntu:~# yum install libpng The program 'yum' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: apt-get install yum This can be fixed as follows root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install yum Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: liblua5.1-0 librpm0 librpmbuild0 librpmio0 python-rpm python-sqlite python-sqlitecachec python-urlgrabber rpm rpm-common rpm2cpio Suggested packages: python-sqlite-dbg alien elfutils rpm-i18n The following NEW packages will be installed: liblua5.1-0 librpm0 librpmbuild0 librpmio0 python-rpm python-sqlite python-sqlitecachec python-urlgrabber rpm rpm-common rpm2cpio yum 0 upgraded, 12 newly installed, 0 to remove and 41 not upgraded. Need to get 5,916kB of archives. After this operation, 9,769kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y ...................tting up librpmbuild0 (4.7.2-1lbuild1) ... Setting up python-sqlite (1.0.1-7ubuntu1) ... Setting up python-urlgrabber (3.1.0-5ubuntu1) ... Setting up rpm2cpio (4.7.2-1lbuild1) ... Setting up rpm (4.7.2-1lbuild1) ... Trying rpm init... Setting up python-rpm (4.7.2-1lbuild1) ... Setting up python-sqlitecachec (1.1.2-1ubuntu1) ... Processing triggers for python-central ... Setting up yum (3.2.25-1ubuntu2) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin ... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place Processing triggers for python-support ... Check Yum Installation :- Yum the popular Linux utility helps us in installing linux dependency packages. It is possible to check and verify if latest version of yum has been installed in the system as follows. root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install yum Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done yum is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 41 not upgraded. Give details on Logging Into Zone Solaris:- Sun Solaris (Solaris 10) - Logging in to a Zone can be performed as the root user/ super user (# prompt).Root user role can be assumed directly or as a role with RBAC (Role Based Access Control) profile "Zone Management".They can log directly into a zone from the global zone without having to supply a password.The system administrators will use "zlogin" command to log into the zone.To obtain information about the name of the zone the command "zonename" is run.To log in to a zone , perform the following steps: 1) Assume root user role $ su - root 2) Use zlogin command to log into the zone # zlogin testzonelogin 3) Obtain the name of the zone using zonename command # zonename -- testzonelogin 4) Exit the zone using exit command : # exit Phases of a boot process : Boot process has the following phases : 1) Boot PROM Phase 2) Boot programs phase 3) Kernel initialization phase 4) init phase 5) svc.startd phase What happens in each and every phase? A brief description of what happens in every phase is described below : 1) Boot PROM Phase : After we power on the system, PROM displays : 1) system identification information 2) runs self-diagnostics to verify systems hardware and memory 3) Loads primary boot program bootblk from its location on the boot device into the memory 2) Boot Programs Phase : 1) Primary boot program bootblk identifies and executes the seconay boot program ufsboot from the UNIX File system and loads it into the memory 2) ufsboot program loads the two part kernel 3) Kernel Initialization phase : 1) Kernel initializes itself 2) Kernel starts loading modules using usfboot to read the files 3) Kernel loads enough modules to mount the root file system 4) ufsboot is out of picture now 5) Kernel unmaps ufsboot and starts using its own resources 4) init phase : 1) Kernel creates a user process and starts /sbin/init process 2) /sbin/init reads the /etc/inittab file for instructions on starting other processes 3) One such process is svc.startd daemon 4) svc.startd is located at /lib/svc/bin/svc.startd 5) svc.startd Phase : 1) svc.startd starts the system services 2) svc.startd boots the system to appropriate milestone 3) System services are started by svc.startd daemon 4) System services are - checks and mounts filesystem, configure the network and devices, initiates various startup processes and performs system maintenance tasks, executes legacy run control script (rc scripts) for compatability Phases in boot and boot sequence is as follows : bootblk->ufsboot->kernel root file system->/sbin/init process->svc.startd daemon Displaying process information Sun Solaris: Sun Solaris (solaris 9, solaris 10) - Displaying process information is used to obtain information about the processes. 1) Login as root user / super user $ su - root 2) To display active processes use ps command : # ps -ef 3) Open another new window and display active processes using the prstat command : # prstat ps command - snapshot of active processes prstat - gives a continuous updated display. To display prstat command type "q" 4) To display dtlogin processes use pgrep command. We obtain PID, dtlogin process and all of its child processes : # pgrep dtlogin 5) To display the ancestary process of a process use ptree command : # ptree 6) Start the process manager (to make it a background process use &) : # sdtprocess & Process manager windows updates periodically. In the sample field at the top of the window, change the sample period from 30 to 3 seconds. We can sort the processes by ID by clicking on the ID button in the header. crontab Linux/UNIX Scheduling : To automate various tasks they can be scripted and included in crontab.We can create user specific crontabs as follows: $crontab -e To list the entries we issue : $crontb -l The directory /etc/corn.d contins the following files - cron.allow, cron.deny By default cron.deny has the list of usernames who are denied cron access. This list is a roster of default system users like smtp. etc cron.allow permits the user listed in file to access the crontab. In such cases cron.allow precedes over cron.deny (i.e) cron.deny doesn't take effect.For scheduling routine jobs we use crontab. For onetime scheduling we make use of at Linux Utility OS Level Security UNIX OS Security - User Logins - Password Rules :- Security threat starts at the user level. So it is very important to keep the systems(information and application systems) secured by restricting access to proper users.Identifying, monitoring, disabling logins play a major role in user access management.It is the essential duty performed by a security engineer/security administrator/security professional/Infosec Professional/UNIX/LINUX/HP-UX/AIX/Solaris System administrator.Primary step an organization takes towards security is creating internal policies which are standardized rules that govern the organizations : 1) Passwords must be kept confidential. This happens by frequent change of password according to preset rules. For example, some organizations demand quarterly change of root(super user) password. So, admins must change the password once in three m onths. They write the password information and seal it. It will be handed over to appropriate higher official like Managers/CFO/CTO/CIO(Chief Information Officer) for emergency purposes 2) Users should not share their user id and password. Password disclosure is a serious security violation and may lead to loss of information 3) Passwords should not be saved in locations transparent to all users 4) Users should access applications and systems only using the username and passwords assigned to them 5) User IDs must be unique. There can be automated programs, scripts, systems to create unique user id 6) User IDs can be created with users first and lastname as its components. In most of the cases it is of the form first letter of first name+last name, first three letters of first name+last name etc 7) Passowrds must be used for accessing local and remote systems. Password ageing policies must be enforced which demands the users to change the password once in quarter/once in a month etc 8) Concurrent login sessions is not permitted 9) User logins are tracked and exceptions recorded must be answered properly 10) Automatic terminal timeouts must be enabled. This might be screensaver lock option in case of user inactivity for 15 consecutive minutes 11) Three consecutive failure login attempts are permitted. User ids must be locked after that 12) Users must maintain their passwords confidentially Log In As Root User :- In Linux/UNIX servers it is recommended to login as normal user. Then we need to make use of the su - root command to switch as root/superuser. This is a security measure mandated by popular standards like SOX,HIPAA,PCI etc. A Linux/unix system administrator is expected to keep the servers secured. learnersreference@ubuntu:~$ su - root Password: root@ubuntu:~# whoami root How to Shut Down Installing Solaris 10 OS On a Running System? Shutting Down and Installing Solaris 10 OS On a Running System involves the following steps : 1) Become the root user / super user (# prompt) 2) Shutdown the system by issuing shutdown command. This brings the system down to single user state by halting the window system. We'll be in a single root prompt on the console. 3) Issue the halt command. This command puts us into the PROM(Programmable Read Only Memory). We'll receive the ok> prompt 4) Insert the Solaris 10 CD-ROM 1 into the CD-ROM player. Boot from the CD-ROM. We can also use Solaris 10 DVD. 5) At the ok prompt type the boot command with cdrom option. ok> boot cdrom This command will start the default GUI installation on a bit-mapped console. Our system should have atleast 384MB RAM installed.If the system has less memory ( boot cdrom - nowin This is CLI (command-line interface) version of the installation program. If the console doesn't support graphics, we'll automatically be put into the CLI version of the installation. 6) Select various options - language, network configuration parameters etc. 7) Set the root password. Say something on VsVim Visual Studio Vim Emulation Layer:- Vim emulation layer for visual studio 2010 is vsvim. Vsvim is available on the extension manager in Visual studio. It can also be downloaded directly. Some of the new features of Vsvim are as follows 1) Motions - G,gg,H,M,L,f,t,F,T 2) Options - startofline, visualedit, visualbell,hlsearch,ignorecase,smartcase 3) Visual Mode - put,<,>,~, normal mode motions 4) Normal mode motions - D,~,N,Ctrl+F,Ctrl+B 5) Command mode - qa Some interesting issues have been addressed in vsvim -- VsVim will look for .vsvimrc before .vimrc -- We can close a file n insert mode -- F1 keys can be properly used VsVim for Visual Studio 2010 can be downloaded directly Give details on Oracle Solaris10 Terminal Type Ttymon:- Terminal type determines the way in which information is exchanged between the client computer and the host server. We make use of terminal programs like telnet,ssh,rsh to connect to the server to get more information. We can determine if the information received can be displayed at the client side in the intented format.This can be set initially to prevent crazy output behaviour. Some clients don't support cursor movements, displaying certain objects etc. so, we can set it to a type that is compatible and can display the output. The most popular terminal types are DEC(Digital Equipment Corporation) VT100, Windows xterm etc. Here is the step by step instruction on setting ttymon in oracle solaris 10. We set it to terminal type xterm. It is to be noted that we need to restart the service for changes to take effect immediately. If not we have to logout of the session and login again. 1) Determine the terminal type set in your machine. In my case it is xterm. For demo purpose I'm going to make it vt100. #env |grep TERM color-term=gnome-terminal TERM=xterm 2) Set the terminal type to vt100 # svccfg -s console-login setprop ttymon/terminal_type = "vt100" 3) Restart the service for the changes to take effect soon #svcadm restart svc:/system/console-login:default How to obtain Oracle Solaris OS Information? Oracle solaris 10 has set of commands to get more details of operating system including its architecture,type etc. Here is the simple os related commands #isainfo -k i 386 Oracle Solaris the OS rebranded after the oracle sun microsystems merger can be installed as virtual machine in local desktop. If you want to learn more on oracle solaris 10 administration look at the documentation link starting from basic administration,network services to advanced solaris SAN configuration,advanced multipathing and so on. http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/coll/47.16 Ubuntu Linux 10.04 hformat Command hfsutils Package:- The command to format a hard disk, create disk partitions that could be mounted and made use of is the hformat command in ubuntu linux. In major flavours of linux including sun solaris(now oracle solaris)the command used for formatting purpose is the format command. Also fdisk is another linux command used for similar purpose. For using hformat command we need to install hfsutils package using the apt-get utility with this install option root@ubuntu:~# hformat The program 'hformat' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: apt-get install hfsutils root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install hfsutils Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Suggested packages: hfsutils-tcltk The following NEW packages will be installed: hfsutils 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 41 not upgraded. Need to get 77.9kB of archives. After this operation, 238kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/main hfsutils 3.2.6-11build3 [77.9kB] Fetched 77.9kB in 0s (84.9kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package hfsutils. (Reading database ... 125687 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking hfsutils (from .../hfsutils_3.2.6-11build3_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up hfsutils (3.2.6-11build3) ... root@ubuntu:~# hformat Usage: hformat [-f] [-l label] path [partition-no] Ubuntu Linux Set Root Password Upon Installation:- I installed and created ubuntu linux in virtual machine recently. We can create a new password for the superuser also called as root user. We make use of sudo command to proceed with this process. learnersreference@ubuntu:~$ sudo passwd root Enter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: passwd: password updated successfully learnersreference@ubuntu:~$ su - root Password: root@ubuntu:~# who -u learnersreference tty7 2010-09-26 19:32 old 15895 (:0) learnersreference pts/0 2010-09-26 19:59 . 16364 (:0.0) root@ubuntu:~# whoami root mpstat command ubuntu linux sysstat package:- There are plenty of commands used to monitor and manage processes in the ubuntu linux OS. One such command used to obtain detail on memory is the mpstat. It is mandatory to install sysstat package using apt-get install utility. Here are the sequence of steps. root@ubuntu:~# mpstat The program 'mpstat' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: apt-get install sysstat root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install sysstat Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Suggested packages: isag The following NEW packages will be installed: sysstat 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 63 not upgraded. Need to get 253kB of archives. After this operation, 1,163kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/main sysstat 9.0.6-2 [253kB] Fetched 253kB in 3s (81.9kB/s) Preconfiguring packages ... Selecting previously deselected package sysstat. (Reading database ... 124142 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking sysstat (from .../sysstat_9.0.6-2_i386.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Processing triggers for doc-base ... Processing 26 changed 1 added doc-base file(s)... Registering documents with scrollkeeper... Processing triggers for ureadahead ... ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot Setting up sysstat (9.0.6-2) ... Creating config file /etc/default/sysstat with new version update-alternatives: error: no alternatives for sar. update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/sar.sysstat to provide /usr/bin/sar (sar) in auto mode. root@ubuntu:~# mpstat Linux 2.6.32-24-generic (ubuntu) 09/27/2010 _i686_ (1 CPU) 12:52:28 PM CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %idle 12:52:28 PM all 0.70 0.84 1.87 1.28 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.00 95.16 ptree command ubuntu linux adacontrol package:- In ubuntu linux we can make use of ptree commad to obtain details on parent-child process relationship in the form of tree structure. We need to install adacontrol package using apt-get utility with install option for the ptree command to function properly. root@ubuntu:~# ptree The program 'ptree' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: apt-get install adacontrol root@ubuntu:~# apt-get install adacontrol Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following extra packages will be installed: ada-reference-manual gnat gnat-4.4 gnat-4.4-base gnat-gps gnat-gps-doc libasis2008 libgnat-4.4 libgnatprj4.4 libgnatvsn4.4 libgtkada2.14.2 libtemplates-parser11.5 Suggested packages: gnat-3.2 gnat-4.4-doc The following NEW packages will be installed: ada-reference-manual adacontrol gnat gnat-4.4 gnat-4.4-base gnat-gps gnat-gps-doc libasis2008 libgnat-4.4 libgnatprj4.4 libgnatvsn4.4 libgtkada2.14.2 libtemplates-parser11.5 0 upgraded, 13 newly installed, 0 to remove and 63 not upgraded. Need to get 36.4MB of archives. After this operation, 122MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe ada-reference-manual 20021112web-3 [2,660kB] Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe gnat-4.4-base 4.4.3-1ubuntu1 [132kB] Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe libgnat-4.4 4.4.3-1ubuntu1 [1,118kB] Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe libgnatvsn4.4 4.4.3-1ubuntu1 [338kB] Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe libgnatprj4.4 4.4.3-1ubuntu1 [545kB] Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe gnat-4.4 4.4.3-1ubuntu1 [13.3MB] Get:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe gnat 4.4+1ubuntu1 [2,040B] Get:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe libasis2008 2008-4build1 [634kB] Get:9 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe adacontrol 1.12~b1-1 [2,232kB] Get:10 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe libgtkada2.14.2 2.14.2-1ubuntu1 [1,184kB] Get:11 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe libtemplates-parser11.5 11.5-3 [193kB] Get:12 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe gnat-gps 4.3-5ubuntu1 [6,154kB] Get:13 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ lucid/universe gnat-gps-doc 4.3-5ubuntu1 [7,919kB] Fetched 36.4MB in 1min 9s (525kB/s) Selecting previously deselected package ada-reference-manual. (Reading database ... 124184 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking ada-reference-manual (from .../ada-reference-manual_20021112web-3_all.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package gnat-4.4-base. Unpacking gnat-4.4-base (from .../gnat-4.4-base_4.4.3-1ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package libgnat-4.4. Unpacking libgnat-4.4 (from .../libgnat-4.4_4.4.3-1ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package libgnatvsn4.4. Unpacking libgnatvsn4.4 (from .../libgnatvsn4.4_4.4.3-1ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package libgnatprj4.4. Unpacking libgnatprj4.4 (from .../libgnatprj4.4_4.4.3-1ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package gnat-4.4. Unpacking gnat-4.4 (from .../gnat-4.4_4.4.3-1ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package gnat. Unpacking gnat (from .../gnat_4.4+1ubuntu1_i386.deb) ... Selecting previously deselected package libasis2008. 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Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up ada-reference-manual (20021112web-3) ... Ignoring install-info called from maintainer script The package ada-reference-manual should be rebuilt with new debhelper to get trigger support Setting up gnat-4.4-base (4.4.3-1ubuntu1) ... Setting up libgnat-4.4 (4.4.3-1ubuntu1) ... Setting up libgnatvsn4.4 (4.4.3-1ubuntu1) ... Setting up libgnatprj4.4 (4.4.3-1ubuntu1) ... Setting up gnat-4.4 (4.4.3-1ubuntu1) ... Setting up gnat (4.4+1ubuntu1) ... Setting up libasis2008 (2008-4build1) ... Setting up adacontrol (1.12~b1-1) ... Setting up libgtkada2.14.2 (2.14.2-1ubuntu1) ... Setting up libtemplates-parser11.5 (11.5-3) ... Setting up gnat-gps (4.3-5ubuntu1) ... Setting up gnat-gps-doc (4.3-5ubuntu1) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin ... ldconfig deferred processing now taking place root@ubuntu:~# ptree PTREE: prints the logical nesting of ASIS elements for a unit Usage: ptree [-sS] [-p <project_file>] [: <line_number>[: <column_number>]] -- <ASIS_Options> or: ptree -h Options: -h prints this help message -p file specify an emacs ada-mode project file (.adp) -s process specifications only -S print span of each element Ubuntu Linux Synaptic Package Manager: The packages in a Linux server can be installed using the command-line tool apt-get. We can make use of the GUI tool synaptic manager for package installation,maintenance. This can be accessed by Clicking on System->Administration->Synaptic Package Manager. This GUI for apt-get makes package installation,kernel compilation pretty easy and simple. Identify Release Ubuntu Linux:- Ubuntu linux the most popular opensource and user friendly linux is gaining huge popularity. In major Linux flavours it is possible to identify linux release using the simple command cat /etc/release ; more /etc/release . The release file under /etc directory will contain the needed information. These steps don't work in ubuntu linux. Here are the simple steps to identify the release of ubuntu linux. This doesn't work as mentioned above root@ubuntu:~# more /etc/release /etc/release: No such file or directory root@ubuntu:~# echo $RELEASE The above command doesn't work as there is no default environment variable by name RELEASE. Extract the information as follows: root@ubuntu:~# lsb_release -sr 10.04 If we want to extract this detail using a shell script here is the simple code #/usr/bin/sh export RELEASE=$(lsb_release -sr) echo $RELEASE Output - 10.04 I've installed 10.04 LTS (Long Term Support) ubuntu linux version. This information is correctly extracted now. Linux Directory Subdirectories One step Not Allowed:- I tried creating directory and sub-directories (more than one level of directory) in a single step with mkdir command. I'm making use of ubuntu Linux 10.04 LTS (core code - lucid - can be obtained using lsb_release -c command). I got the following error. This is an interesting Linux interview question that you can expect in many technical interviews. Create the directories in sequence to solve the problem root@ubuntu:~# mkdir development/kernel/lucid

mkdir: cannot create directory `development/kernel/lucid': No such file or directory

root@ubuntu:~# mkdir development

root@ubuntu:~# mkdir development/kernel (or) cd development ; mkdir kernel

root@ubuntu:~# mkdir development/kernel/lucid (or) cd development/kernel ; mkdir lucid

Finger command:- Finger command is a security risk.It is disabled by system administrator where security risk is a concern.This utility gives information that can be used by a malicious user to break into the system.We can use finger to display the list of users who are logged in on to the system. In addition to login names finfer utility supplies full name information, information about the device in which person's terminal is connected to, how recently the user typed something on the keyboard, when the user logged in, where the user is located.If the user is logged in over a network, name of the remote system is shown. Usage: $finger $finger username - to get information about specific user locate command is used to finhe location of a file in the database.There are many commands and one among it is the locate command. Usage: locate command-name locate command is based on a database called as slocate database that needs to be set before the locate command is run. slocate database can be updated frequently from crontab. slocate -u - setsup the slocate database updatedb - updates the database Sample Question : You located a file created in /home successfully by using the slocate command. You found that the slocate command could locate that file even after deletion. What could be the possible solution to stop listing deleted files? (Choose all that apply.) A. Run updatedb to update the database. B. Run slocate -u to update the database. C. Use the locate command instead of slocate. D. Delete the /var/lib/slocate/slocate.db file because it buffers all search results. E. Reboot the system so that it will update the kernel memory because the kernel stores all results in the memory. Answer: A, B fsck command is the file system diagnostic command. It is used to check the integrity of file systems.fsck checks all the file systems listed in /etc/vfstab file.To run the fsck command we need to run the system in single user mode.Running fsck in multi-user mode(normal system operation) may lead to corruption. fsck checks the following : 1) missing files or directories 2) Verifies the file path and symbolic links 3) corruption at hardware level 4) checks for block size fmt Utility formats text very simply. The fmt utility does simple textrmatting by attempting to make all nonblank lines nearly the same length. Syntax : fmt [option] [file-list] where, file-list - fmt utility reads the files in the file-list and sends a formatted version of their contents to standard output.If we don't specify filename or if we specify a filename of hyphen(-), fmt reads from standard input. A list of option are given below: --split-only -s - Splits long line but doesnot fill short lines --tagged-paragraph -t - Indents all but the first line of each paragraph --uniform-spacing -u - Changes the formatted output so that once SPACE appears between words and two SPACES appear between sentences. --width=n -w n - Changes the output line width to n characters.Without this optio,fmt keeps output lines close to 75 characters wide.We can also specify this option as -n How does fmt uility work? fmt utility works by moving NEWLINE characters. The indention of lines, as well as spacing between words is left intact. Where do we use fmt? This utility is often used to format xt while we are using an editor,such as vim.For example when we edit using vim positioning cursor at the top of a paragraph and then enterig !}fmt -60 ,this is same as fmt -w 60. How do we undo? By typing u immediately after any formatting we can undo. UNIX Super User - root is a powerful unix user account that can virtually perform any operation including creating users, changing user password, deleting users,deleting OS etc.It is always a good practice to have restriction on granting root user privilege to selected users.Only system administrator should be given root user privilege.Any user having UID(User-id) 0 can be a root. It is mandatory to perform frequent audits to restrict 0 user-id to root user alone(Check the second column in /etc/passwd file). The file /etc/default/login has entries that can be used to restrict root user access.To prevent remote root login i.e preventing a user to login as a root user from a remote system remove the comment in the following line : CONSOLE=/dev/console In the above scenario any user who logs into the system from a remote machine needs to login as a normal user and has to perform a su to obtain root user privileges.If we remove the value of CONSOLE : CONSOLE= We restrict the normal user login as a root user. The user has to do a su to become a root user.These are some of the best security practices recommended as a part of SOX(Sarbanes-Oxley) compliance. What is bootstrapping? Bootstrapping is the process a system follows to load and execute the bootable operating system (OS). Where is the instruction for bootstrap procedure stored? Instructions for bootstrap procedure is stored in boot PROM. What is Yast? Yast helps make system administration easier by providing a single utility for configuring and maintaining Linux systems. Where can we download yast? Refer the link given below :http://oss.oracle.com/projects/yast/files/ What are the Linux Versions supported? Enterprise Linux and RHEL,Suse Enterprise Linux Run state solaris machines DBA tip: Run control levels are different phases in the operation of an operating system. Following are the major run control states in solaris operating system. They are popularly called as run levels. They are usually referred to as rc. Here is a brief listing of different run levels and their description : 0 - At this state system is suitable to be shutdown. For shutting down a system we generally issue init 0 as a root user. Another popular command is shutdown that can be issued as root user. 1,s,S - Popularly called as single user mode. This is the system administrator mode.Only user on the system is superuser/root user and basic kernel functions are enabled in this mode.Only /root and /usr file systems are mounted 2 - Multiple user mode without printer services and NFS services 3 - This is the normal operating state 4 - Undefined 5 - boot -a command. System is shutdown using init 0 command and rebooted to an interactive mode 6- Reboot . System shutdown to inti 0 and started up to 3 (normal state). This can be changed in /etc/inittab file Run states are defined in /etc/inittab file. It points to /sbin/rc scripts. Scripts with K as first alphabet are kill scripts and S as first alphabet are start scripts.

Database Administrator Skill Sets Expected In Market

We've made a detailed analysis of database administrator job openings in the market from popular job sites and have come out with the list of skill sets expected out of a database administrator. Skill Sets Expected : Oracle Database certification (OCA/OCP) Must possess the ability to work in a highly diverse and integrated hardware/software environment. Motivated, self starter with the ability to work with minimal supervision. Strong understanding of database architecture including processes, structures Strong understanding of entity relational diagrams and integrity constraints. Strong understanding of environment variables and libraries associated with each RDBMS. Strong understanding of database level programming such as triggers, procedures and packages. Exceptional problem solving skills,communication skills and be a good team player. Clear understanding of RDBMS fundamentals. Ability to write clear documentation of operating procedures, and ability to write specifications for applications to be developed. Extremely detail-oriented and able to follow clear methodologies for troubleshooting and development. Scripting languages and strong knowledge of UNIX and Windows operating systems. Expert knowledge of Oracle database typically latest version that got released recently or the one before that Expert knowledge of UNIX - AIX, Solaris, Linux,HP-unix Expert knowledge of with Oracle RAC, ASM, Data Guard, Oracle Clusterware, Oracle exadata Expert knowledge of RMAN backups - both local and catalog level backups Expert knowledge of UNIX shells - Korn shell, bash, Perl,c-shell Experience using Grid Control monitoring tools Experience with SAN (Storage Area networks)storage systems, NAS systems, cloud platform like Amazon Web Services Strong SQL skills. Ability to code and recompile packages and code functions and procedures preferred(PL/SQL skills). Experience in tuning SQL code. Expertise in backup/recovery/fail-over methods and best practices. Ability to support and work within standard software development life cycle practices. Data warehouse design skill. Experience in Oracle Security solutions like Oracle Database Vault,user and role privilege management. Implementation, planning, coordination, configuration, installation and ongoing management of all Oracle Databases. Database creation, upgrades, consulting and database backup and restoration. Expert Oracle DBA (Database Administrator) skills to create and migrate data to new database for the transition of support to functional owners. Experience in Oracle Streams,replication,cloning. General understanding of interface connectivity such as ODBC and supplier middleware. Experience with Oracle E-Business Suite Applications. Available to provide 24X7 system support.

GE Healthcare IT Career Jobs

GE the general electric group has lots of companies in its group. The medical informatics products have been developed, marketed and maintained by GE's medical informatics company, GE healthcare. GE healthcare includes roster of medical informatics products starting with GE PACS [ Picture Archive and Communication System], Healthcare IT products and a whole lot of products. We have included roster of products included in GE healthcare portfolio of products How do I find a job in GE Healthcare? To crack your next job look at list of products they offer Try to explore more on product domain you are interested in. Say, you would like to find an interesting opportunity in Healthcare IT domain, simply check PACS related product brochure. Try to analyse the technological stack being used. Get trained in that technological stack Create a profile in GE healthcare careers portal and enable email alert to receive jobs when something gets posted Create a label in your gmail account (or) folders in ymail Check them frequently to crack your next interesting job

Significance of BSN nursing degree

Nursing a noble profession involves closely interacting with patients starting with collecting details about patients, recording their information in charts, operating medical equipment, educate patients by providing more detailed information on their illness, assist surgeons and physicians How can I become a nurse? 1) To take up nursing career a person in high school can choose to pursue Associate degree in nursing, pass the national licensing exams and become registered nurse. As such registered nurses referred to as RN are widely respected 2) A nursing aspirant can take up bachelors degree instead of associate degree and become a registered nurse by passing licensing exam. If the person chooses Bachelors degree he/she becomes BSN the Bachelor's of Science in Nursing and can proceed further with MSN the Master of Science in Nursing Degree. So, instead of just becoming RN if you choose bachelors degree you can grow in career as BSN and then MSN What is the unique advantage of gaining BSN degree? 1) You get the option to educate the community, become nurse educator, find job in nursing teaching career if you hold a BSN degree 2) Many hospitals push (or) demand BSN degree from nursing applicants as opposed to associate degree in the past What should I do if I've completed my associate degree in nursing called ADN as opposed to BSN and a practicing registered nurse now? If you hold ADN choose to upgrade to BSN. Bachelors degree in nursing is becoming a mandate option among many hospitals, private practice. Even if you are in high school it would be really fantastic to choose BSN instead of ADN today. What can I do once I hold my BSN? Complete national licensing exam and become registered nurse Proceed further with some specialization like MSN that offers you unique opportunity to choose your specialty area like nurse anesthetist, clinical nurse specialist, nursing practitioner, nursing educator to name a few I already hold BSN and I'm a registered nurse. What next? Maser of science in nursing is a specializing option that reflects your acumen and expertise in nursing

Subject matter expertise ENT leads to EHR Career

ENT can support EHR, ENT Subject matter experts starting with ENT physicians , ENT nurses, ENT technologists who are looking for a change in career can now lookout for much exciting opportunity in healthcare information system particularly EHR. They can leverage their functional knowledge onto the hospital information systems that usually starts with EHR/EMR/HIS implementations. As an ENT functional professional making a career move onto healthcare IT look for following : 1) You ar epirmary liasion while implementing EHR in your ENT department 2) As a SME you are expected to be available in person, over the phone throughout the software implementation starting with planning, implementation, support until upto post-implementation and support 3) Need to assist with workflow/content. This primarily involves decision making while implementing workflow/content in medical practice 4) Need to demonstrate product to ENT medical practices 5) Need to train personnel 6) Promote and solicit medical practice software orders from prospective clients 7) Need to attend locla and national trade shows like RSNA, IHE connectathon etc and leverage contacts to sell and implement EHR with practice 8) Very good at nterpersonal and formal presentation skills

HL7 an option for lucrative healthcare it career

If you are in medical field and if you find interest in entering the lucrative healthcare IT business it becomes mandate to start with some healthcare IT certification. Today lets talk about HL7 certification as a career option. So, how to start career with HL7 certification? With upcoming trends in healthcare IT FHIR is the latest standard that is hot and has good market in 2018. If you want to progress in your healthcare IT career think about all the three HL7 certification programs HL7 Control Specialist FHIR CDA Certification bundle Practice Test ON SALE. This is a bundled solution on all of the HL7 exams and includes the following products. Avail this opportunity to get mega discount on these productsHL7 Certification Exam Questions – Control Specialist Exam Practice QuestionsHL7 FHIR PRACTICE TESTHL7 CDA CERTIFICATION PRACTICE EXAMS. If you are preparing for control specialist certification exam it offers you unique opportunity to learn about segments that digitize the health information of patients. This data needs to be sent across information systems and to make the disparate application systems talk to each other, HL7 standard becomes common language Upon completion of HL7 control specialist certification exam you can find career as 1) Healthcare system engineer 2) Healthcare system configuration specialist 3) Lab system implementation specialist 4) Lab system configuration specialist 5) HL7 control engineer 6) Interface manager 7) Business analyst/Subject matter expert 8) Hl7 developer 9) HL7 tester So, if you are totally new to HL7 where should you start? Look for companies that offer emr/ehr. To find an entry HL7 tester is the way to go. Start with free internship on weekends

PMP aspirant should know about PMO

A an aspiring candidate preparing for PMP exam, it become mandate for a PMP aspirant to know full detail on PMO the project management office. Upon completing PMP once you take charge of the project as project manager the first and most important organizational entity that you need to interact with would be PMO. So, what is a project management office? What do they do? PMO is the authority within organization that standardizes the project related governance, supports project by haring of project related resources. Project related resources can be: 1) Project templates 2) Project management software 3) Project history Project Management Office and its importance in an organization: PMO as it is popularly called is the project management office the manages projects. PMO is the central authority that manages projects in an organization.The head of PMO usually given the name of program manager, PMO director as it is variously called in many different organizations manages a group of interrelated projects. PMO manager can be innovative to make sure that the analysis, findings, results of one project can be optimally used for the benefit of other projects in queue.

Registered physician assistant texas

Texas the state known for its zero state tax offers licensing to practice physician assistant profession . Physician assistant license is offered by Texas Medical Board to qualified individuals. As opposed to some other states in Texas licensed physician assistants must practice only under supervision of supervising physicians. Also physician assistants prescribing drugs must have delegation agreement with their respective supervising physicians What is eligibility requirement to become physician assistant in texas? Here is the eligibility requirement to become licensed physician assistant in Texas 1) Successful completion of an educational program for physician assistants or surgeon assistants accredited by the Accreditation Review Commission on Education for the Physician Assistant, or by that committee's predecessor or successor entities 2) Passage of Physician Assistant National Certifying Exam (PANCE) within 6 attempts 3) The National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants [NCCPA] Certification 4) Any health care licenses held not subject to any type of disciplinary action. This is to ensure the reliability and credibility 5) Good moral,ethical and professional character 6) Mentally and physically able to function safely as a Physician assistant. This makes sure they are not under influence of drugs etc 7) Passage of the jurisprudence (JP) exam 8) Have practiced at least 20 hours a week for 40 weeks in one of the two years preceding application How and where do I apply for application? This can be done online Collecting all the supporting documents and submit it to the following address : Delivery Physical Address and Phone Texas Physician Assistant Board PRC, MC-240 333 Guadalupe, Tower III, Suite 700 Austin, TX 78701 Phone – (512) 305-7030 Mailing address Texas Physician Assistant Board PRC, MC-240 P.O. Box 2029 Austin, TX 78768-2029 Application will be screened by pre-licensure, registration and consumer services department You will receive confirmation email Licensure Analyst will review your application and documents for content and acceptability Once all items have been received, and have been reviewed and approved by the appropriate members of Board staff

Communication Management a crucial element in Healthcare Project Management

Healthcare Project Management involves applying project management principles to healthcare domain. As with other domains, healthcare projects involves implementing healthcare systems like RIS/EMR/EHR/HIS/HIPPA, HIE/IHE projects involving integration of medical centers so that disparate healthcare systems can talk to each other and share the patient information safely among practitioners, ICD-10 implementation the latest medical billing coding adopted across USA, Hospital information system implementation and management of all aspects of these projects as such. Irrespective of the type of healthcare projects all these projects need to be properly managed adopting professional project management principles. One interesting knowledge area in PMBOK that finds prominent role is the communication management. There are many different forms of communication that come into play as part of healthcare project management: 1) Communication in an interactive basis - This usually involves common forms of communication including daily/weekly/monthly meetings to get to know status of projects. Some Big 5 companies do have a policy to interact with team members on daily basis. It can happen between two people in private. It can be among group of people like team meetings. Presentation of project progress to team in form of meetings, conference calls with team members on one on one basis (or) group basis, conversational meetings are all considered Interactive Communication 2) Push communication - This happens when a project manager sends out email to entire team, communication of major events etc all in form of one to bulk basis. This of this as a simple newsletter wherein all customers receive communication from sender . Usually this is one way and consider reciprocation as no-reply email 3) Pull communication - In an organization project and its related documents including plan, scope, etc as well as tracking sheet is stored in a centralized repository. Team members will have to pull from there

Enter EHR supporting healthcare applications

EHR the electronic health record system is digitizing the patient information that makes information sharing easy, quick, information easily accessible. As a result of realizing the importance of EHR many healthcare organizations, medical practice started implementing EHR system in their practice. Once the EHR is in place this application needs some real good support. EHR Application support career is gaining real good popularity. Lets explore the job requirements, typical job duties, qualifications that will help you land in this promising career: 1) EHR is healthcare information system. Prior experience and expertise with healthcare information system and technologies will be the first qualification to start with. Some EHR support is looking for subject matter expertise and they eventually train the SME in EHR 2) Though EHR is healthcare IT if you have some core SME there is a great possibility of finding EHR career inspite of lack of computer knowledge. Many organizations look for Subject matter expertise and choose to train the functional candidates in EHR technology 3) As an application analyst you should be confortable with workflow in place to understand the screen navigation and determine the root cause of the issue if any 4) You are responsible for designing, configuring, testing, implementing, supporting the application 5) Support the clinical, and ancillary healthcare information systems used for the delivery of patient care and other supporting functions of the organization 6) The EHR systems can include one or more of the following : EPIC EHR, EPIC Clarity, EPIC Centricity, Allscripts SCM, Allscripts Ambulatory, Allscripts SRX, Amelior, Exit Care, ExitWriter etc 7) As with any implementation EHR implementation projects involve stakeholders who are customer/client, department personnel, end users, members of needed department units, business units 8) Change requests from customers needs to be evaluated. Customer requests can include creating custom scripts for data retrieval, performance problems in system, optimization needs, adhoc tools for missing features etc 9) Works together with clinical advisory and business advisory groups to provide system solutions that support and enhance the adoption of the electronic medical record and its supporting components 10) Building and maintaining all system dictionaries, profiles, tables and other configuration points related to EHR 11) Troubleshooting and assisting with the resolution of application errors and other system issues 12) Make a note of requests from customers and see if this can be considered a system enhancement request 13) Participate in system design, system enhancement, system remediation sessions that involve system analysts, developers etc 14) Testing the system , including any configurations, customizations and new releases, prior to production implementations by maintaining a separate test server that is an exact replica of up-to-date production 15) Create system reports by collecting the end user requirement and co-ordinating the same to report personnel. In some instances they develop adhoc tools if they are comfortable with basic SQL 16) Communicate the system changes that involves upgrades, feature implementation etc to end users before the system goes live 17) Support applications day to day that includes creation of documents, maintain documents, procedures and processes to maintain systems 18) Work with vendors involving third party vendor integration 19) Travel to client site becomes part of job routine 20) Must be willing to support the application 24x7 basis as this is related to healthcare What are the educational qualification or expertise expected out of the candidates looking to take up application support in EHR? 1) Healthcare IT knowledge is an asset. However, medical core functional personnel like physicians, surgeon, nurses, nurse practitioner, physician assistant etc looking for a career change can choose to apply for this role. They can leverage their subject matter expertise and get trained in EHR 2) Understanding of differences of inpatient and outpatient settings 3) Functional knowledge of HL7 interfaces and the ability to analyze interface errors from various clinical applications would be a plus 4) Knowledge of HL7 engine like mirth is preferred 5) Most EHR implementations make use of HL7 and this technical knowledge comes handy 6) Resolve the most complex, multi-function application errors and system issues 7) Manages system enhancement requests directly with the vendor and various IT Technical teams 8) Must possess workflow understanding 9) Very good interpersonal skill would be an asset

Find career from Healthcare Regulatory initiatives

Healthcare regulatory initiatives are created, organized and maintained by global healthcare organizations like WHO that helps diagnose, create, share information about diseases, findings, laboratory observations etc. Some common healthcare initiatives include: SNOMED (or) SNOMED CT - The Systematized Nomenclature Of Medicine Clinical terms is the set of well organized computer processible terms. They are primarily used in clinical documentation and reporting. It is a set of medical terms that happens to be multilingual and can be used as healthcare terminology across the world LOINC - Logical observation identifiers names and codes is a universal standard for identifying medical laboratory observations. It helps in clinical care and management and is the electronic database that is available to general public at no cost ICD-10 - The International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems has been revised 10 times and ICD-10 happens to be latest. It is released by World Health Organization. It is used to develop codes for diseases, abnormal findings, social circumstances etc The most popular initiative that brings 100's of job opportunities happens to be ICD-10. Lets take a look at some common requirements expected of these candidates: 1) Certified in ICD-10 happens to be first requirement. ICD-10 being relatively new brings plenty of opportunities with appropriate certification 2) The candidates should have brilliant communication skill 3) Prior teaching experience will be of great help 4) Experience working in core healthcare including inpatient and outpatient settings brings in great opportunities 5) They need to work closely with physicians to implement ICD-10 correctly. This demands good build knowledge 6) Hospital administration, workflow knowledge comes handy 7) This is an implementation role and the candidates should follow change management processes appropriately

RN can become research co-ordinator in clinical trials

As a Registered nurse most people think of finding career as a normal nurse. However, it means much beyond that. As a RN you can expect to become research co-ordinator and will get an option to participate in clinical trials What is expected out of RN to become research co-ordinator in clinical trials? 1) Registered Nurse is the credential to start with. If you are a registered nurse in a state that would be an asset 2) Very good communication skills. This is an integral part of nursing profession as such. For co-ordinator job communication among different project members come handy 3) Strong organizational skills 4) Very good leadership skills 5) Must possess good acumen and will become dependable during clinical trials 6) Must of self-motivated, ambitious 7) Must possess information technology knowledge including databases, spreadsheets, word processing etc. Clinical trial involves recording of data and DB skill is an asset 8) Knowledge of software applications like result recording software come handy 9) Excel spreadsheet is the basic tool skill expected Become registered nurse and improve your IT skills to become a research co-ordinator in clinical trials

Become NYC registered physician assistant

NYC state offers licensure to get the title of registered physician assistant. Eligibility requirements include: 1) Ethical and moral behavior which is a basic human nature as well as essential for medical professionals 2) Must be atleast 21 years of age 3) Must pass Physician Assistant National Certifying Examination called as PANCE administered by National Commission on Certification of Physician assistants NCCPA. To know more on exam write to : National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants 12000 Findley Road Suite 200 Duluth, GA 30097-1409 NCCPA website : www.nccpa.net Call NCCPA : 6784178100 4) Must have passed high school or its equivalent 5) Must have completed atleast 32 hours of classroom work. This can be from training programs accredited by ARC-PA 6) Must have completed 1600 hours (approximately 40 weeks) of supervised clinical training 7) Must complete approved coursework or training on professional's practice in infection control and barrier precautions How much fee do I need to pay to become registered physician assistant in NYC? A fee of $115 that involves $70 Application Fee, $45 First Three-Year Registration Fee Mode of Payment : Mail personal check or money order to Newyork State Education department Dont send cash Where should I send the payment? New York State Education Department, Office of the Professions, PO Box 22063, Albany, NY 12201. Is the fee refundable? If you choose to withdraw the application, partial refund is permitted. To know more contact RPA unit : Email : opunit2@mail.nysed.gov Phone : 518-474-3817 ext. 260 Fax : 518-402-2323 Physician assistant salary NYC: A physician assistant is one who performs the healthcare services typically offered by a physician under the supervision of a physician. Services typically include conducting physicals, treating patients, counseling patients, prescribe medicines in some cases.As per Bureau of labour statistics NYC employes about 10000 professionals in this job category. Wage scale based on our analysis is as follows  

Salary Range	Hourly Rate	Salary (per annum)
Low End	32	72000
Median Salary [ Source bls]	47	98000
High End	60	110000

 

Neonatal nurse jobs overview

It would be interesting to take up job as a nurse. In addition to good pay, stable job nursing profession offers service attitude and is most respected across the globe. In recent past nursing profession has started to emerge as a specialization nurse. Lets explore more on neonatal nurse jobs Some common forms of nurse specializations include high risk pregnancy nurses (aka maternal fetal care nurses), neonatal nurses, emergency nurses to name a few. Lets take a sneek peek look at the job roles and responsibilities of a neonatal nurse So, what does a neonatal nurse do? 1) They are required to assess the health status of patients. This starts with common questions, advanced physical examination, charting the health records in hospital EHR's 2) Nurses are good planners. They are required to chart the individualized healthcare management plans and co-ordinate the same with physicians and healthcare professionals 3) Manages health care of neonates within protocols as agreed upon by physicians 4) They need to be proactive and are expected to act upon finding abnormalities 5) They are expected to provide good psychological support 6) They are expected to provide neonatal health management functioning within guidelines of Nursing Practice Act following policies and protocols of healthcare organizations What is the educational requirement? As with all nursing registered nurses in the corresponding state with some prior experience in neonatal intensive care unit are optimal candidates to take up this role